Calling Amman: The Language of Thappu in Caribbean Shaktism

Perumal Kovil Hand

Used for Sanatani / Agamic deities — Śiva, Perumal (Vishnu/Krishna), Rāma, Murugan, Lakshmi, Saraswati, and other non-gramadeivam forms. This hand is restrained, upright, and stabilizing. It does not invite possession. Its purpose is devotion, order, and auspiciousness rather than trance. In Caribbean Shaktism, this hand marks a clear boundary between temple worship and folk invocation.

Call-Up Hand (Āhvāna Kai)

Used to call the Kuladeivam and Gramadeivam — Mariamman, Kaliamman, Madurai Veeran, Kateriyamman, Angalamma, Sangili Karuppu, Muniswaran, and related beings. This is the most dangerous and powerful hand. It opens the body and signals permission for arulvakku and marulu. The marulu pūcāri may start to sway, shake, or vocalize as the rhythm intensifies.

Dance Hand

Used after possession has begun to sustain trance rather than initiate it. This hand keeps the deity seated in the body and allows movement, prophecy, and blessing. In Trinidad, this hand is often merged with the call-up hand and has a texture that resembles Malaysian Tamil drumming.

Naguran Hand

Used specifically for Naguran / Mira Sahib, the Muslim saint venerated in Caribbean Shaktism.This hand is distinct in feel and intention, signaling respect across religious boundaries. It reflects the deep syncretism of Caribbean ritual life, where saints and devathas are approached through sound rather than doctrine.

Flag Hand / Aarti Hand

Used during kodiyetram (flag-raising) and the opening phases of aarti, especially when temple doors or curtains are first opened. This hand sanctifies space rather than bodies. It announces ritual beginning and establishes divine presence.